Miles, H. S. On the employment of sarracenia purpurea, or indian pitcher plant, as a remedy for smallpox. At this time, a botanical preparation, derived from the carnivorous plant Sarracenia purpurea, was proclaimed as being a successful therapy for smallpox infections. & Spear, P. G. Entry of alphaherpesviruses mediated by poliovirus receptorrelated protein 1 and poliovirus receptor. 1900. Gene expression levels were normalized to actin. Dose from gtts. This website uses cookies and similar technologies to deliver its services, to analyse and improve performance and to provide personalised content and advertising. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0140765 (2015). MATH CAS These extracts contain an active constituent which binds to the HSV-1 surface gB thereby inhibiting interaction with the host cell receptor. Error bars indicate the standard deviation from three separate trials. J. Virol. Nat. Caitlin J. Risener, Sunmin Woo, Cassandra L. Quave, Elizabeth B. Draganova & Ekaterina E. Heldwein, Berit Troost, Lianne M. Mulder, Jolanda M. Smit, Vasundara Srinivasan, Hvila Brognaro, Christian Betzel, Claudio Cesar Cirne-Santos, Caroline de Souza Barros, Izabel Christina Nunes de Palmer Paixo, Ryutaro Furukawa, Masahiro Kitabatake, Toshihiro Ito, Leena Hussein Bajrai, Sherif Ali El-Kafrawy, Esam Ibraheem Azhar, Kerstin Ruoff, Jessica Michelle Devant & Grant Hansman, Alvaro A. Ordonez, C. Korin Bullen, Lorraine Jones-Brando, Scientific Reports Montvale:Medical Economics, 1999:1289. Consult with a licensed healthcare professional before using any herbal/health supplement. Noormohamed, F. H., Youle, M. S., Higgs, C. J., Martin-Munley, S. & Gazzard, B. G. Pharmacokinetics and absolute bioavailability of oral foscarnet in human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive patients. Injection technique in pain control. http://www.henriettesherbal.com/eclectic/spec-med/sarracenia.html, R01 AI095394/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States. You may also consider consulting a practitioner who is trained in the use of herbal/health supplements. Sarracenia purpurea showed strong in-vitro activity against both smallpox and monkeypox in a 2012 study by Ardnt et al. Biol. PubMed Sarracenia purpurea, the purple pitcher plant, northern pitcher plant, turtle socks, or side-saddle flower, . Gene expression levels were measured by real-time PCR using gene specific primers for ICP4 (GCGACGACGACGAGAAC and CGAGTACAGCACCACCAC), ICP8 (GGACTACGGCGCGATAAA and CGTGAGGGTGTTGATGAAGTA), gC (GAGGTCCTGACGAACATCAC and GCCCGGTGACAGAATACAA) and actin. Statistical analysis was performed using a paired t-test. Manufacturer information from High Chemical Company; 1995. Jeffrey Langland. The effectiveness of these drugs, however, are limited in immune-suppressed patients, resulting in increased likelihood of the virus to develop drug resistance9,10. Baba, M. & Shigeta, S. Antiviral activity of glycyrrhizin against varicellazoster virus in vitro. 3A, incubation of HSV-1 with S. purpurea extract during the viral-cell attachment phase inhibited viral plaque formation suggesting that the extract inhibited viral binding to the host cell. (D) Vero cells were treated with increasing concentrations of S. purpurea extract or vehicle and cell viability measured at 24h post-treatment and the results graphed. the virus was removed and 0, 1, 3, 10, and 30 microL of S. purpurea extract per mL of cell culture media was added. PLoS ONE 7, e32610 (2012). The results of this study bolstered many positive case reports on smallpox treatment published in prominent medical journals like The Lancet and the British Medical Journal in the 1860s. Trost LC, Rose ML, Khouri J, Keilholz L, Long J, Godin SJ, Foster SA. Input virus was harvested at 1h.p.i. Antiviral Res. of water 3 times a day. Although, natural smallpox no longer poses a health threat, there is a remote possibility thatunstable states or terrorist groups could have acquiredstocks of the virusfollowing the collapse of the Soviet Union, which had developed smallpox as a biological warfare agent. Sci Rep 10, 18953 (2020). You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088. Plants used by the Cree Nation of Eeyou Istchee (Quebec, Canada) for the treatment of diabetes: A novel approach in quantitative ethnobotany. When the extract was added at 1, 4 or 6h.p.i., an approximate 45-log reduction in viral titers was observed (Fig. Error bars indicate the standard deviation from three separate trials. Go to: 458, 111120 (1999). On the employment of the Sarracenia purpurea, or Indian Pitcher Plant, as a remedy for smallpox. Samples with statistically significant deviation relative to the 0g/ml S. purpurea treatment are indicated with asterisks (*p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.005). An official website of the United States government. Smallpox ravaged human populations for thousands of years, but in 1796 Edward Jenner discovered that exposure to cowpox lesions could provide immunity to smallpox. MONKEYPOX CURE: SARRACENIA PURPUREA - TREATMENT & CURE: Monkeypox, Smallpox, Chicken Pox. Astani, A., Reichling, J. A. Chin. Kim, N. S., Jeong, S. I., Hwang, B. S., Lee, Y. E. & Kang, S. H. Gallic acid inhibits cell viability and induces apoptosis in human monocytic cell line U937. CAPTCHA . 7, d752-764 (2002). 2003 Jan;57(1-2):25-33. doi: 10.1016/s0166-3542(02)00197-3. 1C,D). RxList does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. Pathol. But since the risk is so low for populations at large, it is hard to justify vaccinating everyone, particularly because the vaccine can have serious side effects. Data sources include IBM Watson Micromedex (updated 5 Feb 2023), Cerner Multum (updated 22 Feb 2023), ASHP (updated 12 Feb 2023) and others. + Disrupts Viral mRNA. Science 280, 16181620 (1998). Med. Tradition. Rev. 24, 41444153 (2005). Mechanism of action of poxvirus. The extract blocks early transcription appearing to have a distinct mechanism of action from that of two other antivirals currently in clinical trials, says Mark Buller, a virologist at Saint Louis University, Missouri, US. Proc. Chem. S. purpurea was added at various times post infection (0, 1, 2, 4, 6h.p.i.). 160, 143150 (2018). Carnivory helps it to thrive in the low-nitrogen environment of peat bogs. Exp. Smith, J. S. & Robinson, N. J. Age-specific prevalence of infection with herpes simplex virus types 2 and 1: A global review. Article and gC gene expression was inhibited by 50% or more through approximately 3h.p.i. The level of HSV-1 ICP4, ICP8, and gC gene expression was analyzed by real-time PCR. Dis. Detection was performed using goat anti-mouse or anti-rabbit IgG secondary conjugated to horseradish peroxidase (Santa Cruz) in the presence of a chemiluminescent substrate (ThermoFisher). Figure 1. Cite this article. (~85% reduction) (Fig. Viability was determined using an MTS assay (abcam) at 24h post treatment. DIRECTIONS. Sarracenia purpurea attract and trap insects within their pitchers, or fused leaves, to consume nitrogen during the digestion process . Front. PubMed S. purpurea inhibited HSV-1 induced cytopathic effect and replication. ISSN 2045-2322 (online). J. Ethnopharmacol. J. Following incubation, cells were washed two times with cold PBS to remove unbound virus, followed by the addition of complete media. Adv. Extracts from the carnivorous pitcher plant, Sarracenia purpurea, have previously been shown to inhibit the replication of HSV-1. We use MCT Fractionated Coconut Oil. The immediate-early genes are typically involved in controlling host cell function, for example, ICP4 plays a significant role in the inhibition of host gene transcription. Gowey, B. Samples with statistically significant deviation relative to the untreated HSV-1 sample are indicated with asterisks (*p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.005). CAS Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database rates effectiveness based on scientific evidence according to the following scale: Effective, Likely Effective, Possibly Effective, Possibly Ineffective, Likely Ineffective, and Insufficient Evidence to Rate (detailed description of each of the ratings). Novel antiviral agents: A medicinal plant perspective. 2 suggest that the S. purpurea extract can not only inhibit HSV-1 attachment to the host cell but also inhibit viral replication intracellularly when added after viral uptake into the cell. Our work demonstrates the in vitro characterization of Sarracenia purpurea as the first effective inhibitor of poxvirus replication at the level of early viral transcription. 4A,B). You can download a PDF version for your personal record. Blocking smallpox: a second defense. Figure 5. 2014 Sep;58(9):5570-1. doi: 10.1128/AAC.02814-14. To examine this further, free HSV-1 virions were incubated with the extract, followed by washing of the virus and subsequent infection. 1 and34). Antivir. Follow your healthcare provider's instructions about any restrictions on food, beverages, or activity. B.J. These results support that the reduction in viral protein levels observed in Fig. Plaque formation was visualized by staining with crystal violet. & Smiley, J. R. The herpes simplex virus 1 virion host shutoff protein enhances translation of viral late mRNAs by preventing mRNA overload. Herbal Drugs. American Medicinal Plants: An Illustrated and Descriptive Guide to the American Plants Used as Homeopathic Remedies: Their History, Preparation, Chemistry and Physiological Effect, (New York and Philadelphia), Clarke JH. Sarracenia purpurea, commonly known as the purple pitcher plant, northern pitcher plant, turtle socks, or side-saddle flower, is a perennial carnivorous plant in the family Sarraceniaceae. Cells were harvested at 8h.p.i. Article L.K., As.K., Ar.K. Insects are attracted into the lurid red or purple pitchers, and are then prevented from getting out by downward-pointing hairs. With the renewed threat of poxvirus-related infections, our results indicate Sarracenia purpurea may act as another defensive measure against Orthopoxvirus infections. 76, 58935904 (2002). Clinical trials demonstrated that this drug reduced the healing time of herpes labialis lesions by only 17.5h on average. Pitcher plant injections can cause some side effects including feelings of heat or heaviness. It is UNSAFE when injected in areas of pain and swelling (inflammation) or when injected by an unqualified person. J.L. 2010, 262415. https://doi.org/10.1155/2010/262415 (2010). Information about your use of this website will be shared with Google and other third parties. Eur J Integr Med. Sarapin is a grandfathered FDA-approved prescription product. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-76151-w, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-76151-w. Epub 2014 Jun 23. CAS The specificity of S. purpurea. S. purpurea reduced HSV-1 ICP4, ICP8, and gC protein levels in a time dependent manner. At this time, a botanical preparation, derived from the carnivorous plant Sarracenia purpurea, was proclaimed as being a successful therapy for smallpox infections. A voucher specimen of all plant material was deposited in a repository. The function of temporally ordered viral gene expression in the intracellular replication of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). Hudson, J. Copyright 2023 by RxList Inc. RxList does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Google Scholar. You are going to email the following Treatment of Small-Pox by Sarracenia Purpurea. Pitcher plant contains tannins and other chemicals that are thought to help with some digestive tract problems. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! The effect of S. purpurea extracts on VACV replication. J. Trop. National Library of Medicine 4, 1963 (2013). To obtain Abubakar IB, Kankara SS, Malami I, Danjuma JB, Muhammad YZ, Yahaya H, Singh D, Usman UJ, Ukwuani-Kwaja AN, Muhammad A, Ahmed SJ, Folami SO, Falana MB, Nurudeen QO. J. Virol. Pongmuangmul, S. et al. Using different formulations together increases the risk of an overdose. Statistical analysis was performed using a paired t-test. (detailed description of each of the ratings). Kimberlin, D. W., Crumpacker, C. S., Straus, S. E., Biron, K. K. & Drew, W. L. Antiviral resistance in clinical practice. For anti-poxvirus activity, S. purpurea extracts were previously shown to target and inhibit early viral gene transcription. Smallpox has been eradicated, butthe finding offers a possible treatment for poxvirus in the unlikely event of a bioterror attack or increased incidence of similar poxviruses such as monkey pox. HSV-1 cellular attachment was measured by adding 200 pfu HSV-1 KOS with increasing concentrations of S. purpurea and infecting pre-chilled Vero cell monolayers followed by incubation for 2h at 4C to allow binding (but not cellular uptake). Inhibition of enveloped viruses infectivity by curcumin. HSV-1 develops drug resistance in patients predominantly due to mutations in the genetic code for thymidine kinase as well as DNA polymerase15. Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat. Our infusing process of milling, blending, heating and steeping our extractions precisely at the correct temperature and correct sequence give us an exceptional infusion for you. Or as directed bya lic. Available for Android and iOS devices. 2022 Aug 30;23(17):9877. doi: 10.3390/ijms23179877. 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